Similar cortical morphometry trajectories from 5 to 9 years in children with perinatal HIV who started treatment before age 2 years and uninfected controls

BMC Neuroscience

Research

Emmanuel C. Nwosu¹  Andre van der Kouwe²  Martha J. Holmes³  Frances Robertson⁴  Ernesta M. Meintjes⁴  Barbara Laughton⁵  Els Dobbels⁵  Mark F. Cotton⁵  Francesca Little⁶ 

[1] Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa;Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa;A.A. Martinos Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa;Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa;Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Family Centre for Research With Ubuntu (FAMCRU), Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa;Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;

关键词: Longitudinal;    Children with HIV;    CHER;    Cortical thickness;    Gyrification;    FreeSurfer;    Vertex-wise;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12868-023-00783-7

 received in 2022-10-25, accepted in 2023-02-14,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundLife-long early ART (started before age 2 years), often with periods of treatment interruption, is now the standard of care in pediatric HIV infection. Although cross-sectional studies have investigated HIV-related differences in cortical morphology in the setting of early ART and ART interruption, the long-term impact on cortical developmental trajectories is unclear. This study compares the longitudinal trajectories of cortical thickness and folding (gyrification) from age 5 to 9 years in a subset of children perinatally infected with HIV (CPHIV) from the Children with HIV Early antiRetroviral therapy (CHER) trial to age-matched children without HIV infection.Methods75 CHER participants in follow-up care at FAMCRU (Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu), as well as 66 age-matched controls, received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on a 3 T Siemens Allegra at ages 5, 7 and/or 9 years. MR images were processed, and cortical surfaces reconstructed using the FreeSurfer longitudinal processing stream. Vertex-wise linear mixed effects (LME) analyses were performed across the whole brain to compare the means and linear rates of change of cortical thickness and gyrification from 5 to 9 years between CPHIV and controls, as well as to examine effects of ART interruption.ResultsChildren without HIV demonstrated generalized cortical thinning from 5 to 9 years, with the rate of thinning varying by region, as well as regional age-related gyrification increases. Overall, the means and developmental trajectories of cortical thickness and gyrification were similar in CPHIV. However, at an uncorrected p < 0.005, 6 regions were identified where the cortex of CPHIV was thicker than in uninfected children, namely bilateral insula, left supramarginal, lateral orbitofrontal and superior temporal, and right medial superior frontal regions. Planned ART interruption did not affect development of cortical morphometry.ConclusionsAlthough our results suggest that normal development of cortical morphometry between the ages of 5 and 9 years is preserved in CPHIV who started ART early, these findings require further confirmation with longitudinal follow-up through the vulnerable adolescent period.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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