The role of autophagy in viral infections

Journal of Biomedical Science

Review

Shaoyu Tu¹  Tong Chen¹  Ling Ding¹  Huanchun Chen¹  Hongbo Zhou¹  Meilin Jin¹ 

[1] State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430030, Wuhan, China;Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, 430030, Wuhan, China;

关键词: Autophagy degradation;    Immune response;    Selective autophagy;    Viral infection;    Viral replication;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12929-023-00899-2

 received in 2022-10-24, accepted in 2023-01-10,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic cellular process that exerts antiviral functions during a viral invasion. However, co-evolution and co-adaptation between viruses and autophagy have armed viruses with multiple strategies to subvert the autophagic machinery and counteract cellular antiviral responses. Specifically, the host cell quickly initiates the autophagy to degrade virus particles or virus components upon a viral infection, while cooperating with anti-viral interferon response to inhibit the virus replication. Degraded virus-derived antigens can be presented to T lymphocytes to orchestrate the adaptive immune response. Nevertheless, some viruses have evolved the ability to inhibit autophagy in order to evade degradation and immune responses. Others induce autophagy, but then hijack autophagosomes as a replication site, or hijack the secretion autophagy pathway to promote maturation and egress of virus particles, thereby increasing replication and transmission efficiency. Interestingly, different viruses have unique strategies to counteract different types of selective autophagy, such as exploiting autophagy to regulate organelle degradation, metabolic processes, and immune responses. In short, this review focuses on the interaction between autophagy and viruses, explaining how autophagy serves multiple roles in viral infection, with either proviral or antiviral functions.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

【 图 表 】

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