Neighborhood infrastructure-related risk factors and non-communicable diseases: a systematic meta-review

Environmental Health

Review

Gary Adamkiewicz¹  Judith Rodriguez²  Jill Baumgartner³  Kavi Bhalla⁴  Ying Long⁵  Ningrui Liu⁶  Yan Li⁶  Yuyang Zhang⁶  Emily Gemmell⁷ 

[1] Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan, School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, Boston, USA;Institute for Health and Social Policy & Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Canada;Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA;School of Architecture and Hang Lung Center for Real Estate, Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, No. 1 Qinghuayuan, Haidian District, 100084, Beijing, China;School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;

关键词: Green space;    Walkability;    Proximity to major roads;    Proximity to landfills;    Cardiovascular disease;    Type II diabetes;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12940-022-00955-8

 received in 2022-04-13, accepted in 2022-12-29,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundWith rapid urbanization, the urban environment, especially the neighborhood environment, has received increasing global attention. However, a comprehensive overview of the association between neighborhood risk factors and human health remains unclear due to the large number of neighborhood risk factor–human health outcome pairs.MethodOn the basis of a whole year of panel discussions, we first obtained a list of 5 neighborhood domains, containing 33 uniformly defined neighborhood risk factors. We only focused on neighborhood infrastructure-related risk factors with the potential for spatial interventions through urban design tools. Subsequently, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic meta-review of 17 infrastructure-related risk factors of the 33 neighborhood risk factors (e.g., green and blue spaces, proximity to major roads, and proximity to landfills) was conducted using four databases, Web of Science, PubMed, OVID, and Cochrane Library, from January 2000 to May 2021, and corresponding evidence for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) was synthesized. The review quality was assessed according to the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) standard.ResultsThirty-three moderate-and high-quality reviews were included in the analysis. Thirteen major NCD outcomes were found to be associated with neighborhood infrastructure-related risk factors. Green and blue spaces or walkability had protective effects on human health. In contrast, proximity to major roads, industry, and landfills posed serious threats to human health. Inconsistent results were obtained for four neighborhood risk factors: facilities for physical and leisure activities, accessibility to infrastructure providing unhealthy food, proximity to industry, and proximity to major roads.ConclusionsThis meta-review presents a comprehensive overview of the effects of neighborhood infrastructure-related risk factors on NCDs. Findings on the risk factors with strong evidence can help improve healthy city guidelines and promote urban sustainability. In addition, the unknown or uncertain association between many neighborhood risk factors and certain types of NCDs requires further research.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

【 图 表 】

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