Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Research

Ali Ghanbariasad¹  Sareh Azadi¹  Mahmoud Osanloo²  Mojtaba Farjam³  Elham Zarenezhad⁴  Akram Jalali⁵ 

[1] Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran;Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran;Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran;Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran;Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;

关键词: Skin Cancer;    Nanotechnology;    Apoptosis;    Topical drug delivery;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12906-023-03834-y

 received in 2022-10-05, accepted in 2023-01-02,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundTopical drug delivery using nanoemulsions and nanogels is a promising approach to treating skin disorders such as melanoma.MethodsIn this study, the chemical composition of Mentha pulegium essential oil with five major compounds, including pulegone (68.11%), l-menthone (8.83%), limonene (2.90%), iso-pulegone (2.69%), and iso-menthone (1.48%) was first identified using GC-MS (Gas chromatography–Mass Spectrometry) analysis. Afterward, a nano-scaled emulsion containing the essential oil with a droplet size of 7.70 ± 1 nm was prepared. Nanogel containing the essential oil was then prepared by adding (2% w/v) carboxymethyl cellulose to the nano-scaled emulsion. Moreover, the successful loading of M. pulegium essential oil in the nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel was confirmed using ATR-FTIR (Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier Transform InfraRed) analysis. Then, human A375 melanoma cells were treated with different concentrations of samples, the MTT assay evaluated cell viability, and cell apoptosis was confirmed by flow cytometry. In addition, the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, including Bax and Bcl-2, was evaluated using the qPCR (quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique.ResultsThe results showed that cell viability was reduced by 90 and 45% after treatment with 300 μg/mL of the nanogel and nano-scaled emulsion. As confirmed by flow cytometry, this effect was mediated by apoptosis. Furthermore, gene expression analysis showed up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 genes. Therefore, the prepared nanogel, with high efficacy, could be considered a potent anticancer agent for supplementary medicine and in vivo research.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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