The relationship between causes of suicidal attempts in Iran and individual and social variables: a retrospective study

BMC Psychiatry

Research

Letizia Maria Atim¹  Mark Mohan Kaggwa²  Mehdi Mohammadian amiri³  Aliasghar Manouchehri⁴  Zohreh Hosseini Marznaki⁵ 

[1] African Centre for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda;Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda;African Centre for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda;Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda;Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran;Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;Imam Ali Hospital at Amol City, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;

关键词: Suicidal attempts;    Suicide;    Causes;    Romantic relationship problems;    Substance use;    Economic problems;    Iran;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12888-022-04449-2

 received in 2022-08-31, accepted in 2022-12-05,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

ObjectiveDetermine the prevalence of suicide attempts and the relationships between the different causes of attempts with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics among individuals in Iran.MethodsA retrospective review of data about suicide attempts from poisoning care centers in Babol city between 2017 and 2021. Multinomial regression analysis (with mental illness being the reference variable) was used to determine the factors associated with the different causes of suicide attempts (addiction, romantic relationship problems, and economic problems).ResultsThe overall prevalence of completed suicide in the population sampled was 10.8% (95% confidence interval 9.5–12.1) (244/2,263). Relative to mental disorder, given that other variables in the model are held constant the following were associated with suicide attempts. A previous history of suicide attempts was associated with increasing the relative risk ratio of attempting suicide while having no positive history of smoking was associated with reducing the relative risk ratio of a suicidal attempt. However, the use of multiple drugs to attempt suicide was associated with an increased relative risk ratio of attempting suicide with romantic relationship problems and addiction as causes of suicide attempts. The first year of data collection (2017) and the female gender were both associated with an increased relative risk ratio of having a suicide attempt due to romantic relationships and economic problems. A family history of suicide was associated with an increased relative risk ratio of suicide attempts due to romantic relationship problems. However, using Pesticides-aluminum phosphide and detergent and javel water to attempt reduced the relative risk ratio of attempting due to romantic relationship problems. Age, self-employment, middle income, and married were associated with an increased relative risk ratio of suicide attempts among individuals due to addiction. However, staying longer at the emergency department was associated with a reduced relative risk ratio of having had a suicide attempt due to addiction.ConclusionsThis study highlights the interplay between romantic hardships, addiction, economic hardships as reasons for suicide attempts and various sociable variables in a population in Northern Iran. The most associated reason for suicide attempts was romantic relationship hardships. Therefore, interventions such as sessions on conflict resolution, boundary setting, and management of grieving would greatly benefit this society and reduce the rate of suicide, especially among individuals with a history of suicide attempts.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2022