High prevalence of dyslipidaemia among persons with diabetes mellitus and hypertension at a tertiary hospital in Blantyre, Malawi

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

Research

Pascal Chipewa¹  Mwapatsa Mipando²  George Chirambo²  Kondwani G. H. Katundu³  Adamson S. Muula⁴  Johnstone Kumwenda⁵  Tamara Phiri⁶  Chimota Phiri⁷  Florence Filisa-Kaphamtengo⁸  Victoria Mukhula⁹  Henry C. Mwandumba^1,10 

[1] Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Blantyre to Blantyre Research Facility, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Clinical Research Program, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Department of Community and Environmental Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Department of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Department of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi;Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi;Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi;Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Clinical Research Program, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Clinical Research Program, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;Department of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;

关键词: Dyslipidaemia;    Diabetes mellitus;    Hypertension;    Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital;    Malawi;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12872-022-03011-y

 received in 2022-11-02, accepted in 2022-12-14,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDyslipidaemia drives the process of atherosclerosis, and hence a significant modifiable risk factor complicating hypertension and diabetes. In Malawi, the prevalence, screening and management of dyslipidaemia among persons with diabetes mellitus have not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, biochemical characteristics, screening and management practices for dyslipidaemia among persons with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus and hypertension comorbidity at Queen Elizabeth Central hospital in Blantyre, Malawi.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2021. A total of 256 adult participants (diabetes mellitus = 100); hypertension = 100; both conditions = 56) were included. Medical data and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Blood samples were analysed for HbA1C and serum lipids. Associated risk factors for dyslipidaemia were also assessed.ResultsDyslipidaemia was prevalent in 58%, 55%, and 70% of participants with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and both conditions. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) dyslipidaemia was the most common in all participant groups. Participants with both diabetes and hypertension had 2.4 times (95% CI 1.2–4.6) increased risk of LDL-C dyslipidaemia than those with diabetes alone (p < 0.02). Being overweight or obese and age over 30 years were risk factors for dyslipidaemia in participants with diabetes mellitus alone (OR 1.3 (95% CI 1.1–1.6), p < 0.04, and OR 2.2 (95% CI 1.2–4.7) (p < 0.01), respectively. Overweight and obesity predicted LDL-C dyslipidaemia in hypertensive patients (OR 3.5 (95% CI 1.2–9.9) p < 0.001). Poorly controlled hypertension and the use of beta-blockers and thiazide diuretics predicted dyslipidaemia among patients with both diabetes mellitus and hypertension (OR 6.50 CI 1.45–29.19; and OR 5.20 CI 1.16–23.36 respectively). None of the participants had a lipogram performed before the study or were on lipid-lowering therapy.ConclusionsDyslipidaemia with LDL-C derangement was highly prevalent, especially in individuals with both diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and there was absent use of lipid-lowering therapy. Screening and managing dyslipidaemia should be reinforced to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications in this population at increased risk.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2022

【 图 表 】

12951_2022_1749_Article_IEq8.gif

Fig. 2

Fig. 1