Lipopolysaccharide and the gut microbiota: considering structural variation

FEBS Letters

article

Alex E. Mohr¹  Meli'sa Crawford²  Paniz Jasbi¹  Samantha Fessler¹  Karen L. Sweazea¹ 

[1] College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University;Biomedical Sciences, University of Riverside;School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University

关键词: gut barrier;    gut microbiome;    immunity;    inflammation;    lipopolysaccharide binding protein;    lipopolysaccharide variant;    lipopolysaccharides;    metabolic endotoxemia;    obesity;   

DOI  :  10.1002/1873-3468.14328

来源: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

【 摘 要 】

Systemic inflammation is associated with chronic disease and is purported to be a main pathogenic mechanism underlying metabolic conditions. Microbes harbored in the host gastrointestinal tract release signaling byproducts from their cell wall, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which can act locally and, after crossing the gut barrier and entering circulation, also systemically. Defined as metabolic endotoxemia, elevated concentrations of LPS in circulation are associated with metabolic conditions and chronic disease. As such, measurement of LPS is highly prevalent in animal and human research investigating these states. Indeed, LPS can be a potent stimulant of host immunity, but this response depends on the microbial species’ origin, a parameter often overlooked in both preclinical and clinical investigations. Indeed, the lipid A portion of LPS is mutable and comprises the main virulence and endotoxic component, thus contributing to the structural and functional diversity among LPSs from microbial species. In this review, we discuss how such structural differences in LPS can induce differential immunological responses in the host.

【 授权许可】

Unknown