Emerging Themes in Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis by SWI/SNF Subunit Mutation

Epigenetics Insights

article

Cheyenne A. Jones¹  William P. Tansey²  April M. Weissmiller¹ 

[1] Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University;Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine;Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

关键词: SWI/SNF;    chromatin remodeling;    MYC;    AP-1;    BRG1;    ARID1A;    SNF5;    oncogene;    tumor suppressor;    enhancers;    chromatin accessibility;   

DOI  :  10.1177/25168657221115656

学科分类：兽医学

来源: Tu Delft Transport Institute

【 摘 要 】

The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to alter contacts between DNA and nucleosomes, allowing regions of the genome to become accessible for biological processes such as transcription. The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeler is also one of the most frequently altered protein complexes in cancer, with upwards of 20% of all cancers carrying mutations in a SWI/SNF subunit. Intense studies over the last decade have probed the molecular events associated with SWI/SNF dysfunction in cancer and common themes are beginning to emerge in how tumor-associated SWI/SNF mutations promote malignancy. In this review, we summarize current understanding of SWI/SNF complexes, their alterations in cancer, and what is known about the impact of these mutations on tumor-relevant transcriptional events. We discuss how enhancer dysregulation is a common theme in SWI/SNF mutant cancers and describe how resultant alterations in enhancer and super-enhancer activity conspire to block development and differentiation while promoting stemness and self-renewal. We also identify a second emerging theme in which SWI/SNF perturbations intersect with potent oncoprotein transcription factors AP-1 and MYC to drive malignant transcriptional programs.

【 授权许可】

CC BY|CC BY-NC