Factors Associated With Experiences of Fear, Anxiety, Depression, and Changes in Sleep Pattern During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Adults in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Public Health

article

Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan¹  Olanrewaju Ibigbami³  Brandon Brown¹  Maha El Tantawi¹  Nourhan M. Aly¹  Oliver C. Ezechi¹  Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño¹  Eshrat Ara¹  Martin Amogre Ayanore¹  Passent Ellakany¹  Balgis Gaffar¹  Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati¹  Ifeoma Idigbe¹  Mohammed Jafer¹  Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan¹  Zumama Khalid¹  Folake Barakat Lawal¹  Joanne Lusher¹  Ntombifuthi P. Nzimande¹  Bamidele Olubukola Popoola¹  Mir Faeq Ali Quadri¹  Mark Roque¹  Ala'a B. Al-Tammemi¹  Muhammad Abrar Yousaf¹  Jorma I. Virtanen¹  Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga¹  Nicaise Ndembi¹  John N. Nkengasong¹  Annie Lu Nguyen¹ 

[1] Mental Health and Wellness Study Group;Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University;Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University;Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, Riverside School of Medicine, University of California;Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University;Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research;School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur;Government College for Women;Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences;Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University;Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University;Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University;Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Saudi Arabia Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Jazan University, Maastricht University;Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova;Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital;Director of People and Member of the Provost's Group, Regent's University;Department of Economic and Social Geography, University of Szeged;Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan;Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, Jazan University;Department of Maternity and Childhood Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University;Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration;Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab;Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku;Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur;Africa Centres for Disese Control and Preventon;Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    mental health;    HIV;    COVID-19;    Nigeria;    mental distress;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2022.779498

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Background Multiple facets of the pandemic can be a source of fear, depression, anxiety and can cause changes in sleep patterns. The aim of this study was to identify health profiles and the COVID-19 pandemic related factors associated with fear, depression, anxiety and changes in sleep pattern in adults in Nigeria. Methods The data for this analysis was extracted from a cross-sectional online survey that collected information about mental health and well-ness from a convenience sample of adults 18 years and above resident in Nigeria from July to December 2020. Study participants were asked to complete an anonymous, closed-ended online questionnaire that solicited information on sociodemographic profile, health profiles (high, moderate and low COVID-19 infection risk profile) including HIV status, COVID-19 status, and self-reported experiences of fear, anxiety, depression and changes in sleep patterns. Results In total, 4,439 participants with mean age of 38.3 (±11.6) years responded to the survey. Factors associated with higher odds of having COVID-19 related fear were health risk ( p < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR: 3.88; 95% CI: 3.22–4.69); having COVID-19 symptoms but not tested (AOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.30–1.99); having a friend who tested positive to COVID-19 (AOR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.07–1.53) and knowing someone who died from COVID-19 (AOR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24–1.65). The odds of feeling anxious was significantly higher for those with moderate or low health risk profile ( p < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.32–2.04); had a friend who tested positive for COVID-19 (AOR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.08–1.68) or knew someone who died from COVID-19 (AOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.28–1.84). The odds of feeling depressed was significantly higher for those with health risk profile ( p < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.89–3.28); and respondents who had COVID-19 symptoms but had not taken a test (AOR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.02–1.94). Factors associated with higher odds of having sleep pattern changes were having moderate and low health risk profiles ( p < 0.05). Conclusion The study findings suggest that the pandemic may cause fear, anxiety, depression and changes in sleep patterns differently for people with different health profile, HIV status and COVID-19 status.

【 授权许可】

CC BY