Gut-Liver Axis, Gut Microbiota, and Its Modulation in the Management of Liver Diseases: A Review of the Literature

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Milos Korac¹  Amedeo Amedei²  Marina Djelic³  Aleksandra Barac⁴  Aleksandra Radovanovic Spurnic⁴  Vladimir Djordjevic⁴  Nebojsa Lekic⁴  Ivana Gmizic⁴  Ivana Milosevic⁴  Ankica Vujovic⁴  Edda Russo⁴  Olja Stevanovic⁵ 

[1] Institute of Medical Physiology “Rihard Burijan”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;Faculty of Medicine, Universisty of Belgrade;Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;

关键词: gut microbiota;    gut-liver axis;    chronic liver diseases;    fecal transplantation;    probiotics;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms20020395

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The rapid scientific interest in gut microbiota (GM) has coincided with a global increase in the prevalence of infectious and non-infectivous liver diseases. GM, which is also called “the new virtual metabolic organ”, makes axis with a number of extraintestinal organs, such as kidneys, brain, cardiovascular, and the bone system. The gut-liver axis has attracted greater attention in recent years. GM communication is bi-directional and involves endocrine and immunological mechanisms. In this way, gut-dysbiosis and composition of “ancient” microbiota could be linked to pathogenesis of numerous chronic liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), development of liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this paper, we discuss the current evidence supporting a GM role in the management of different chronic liver diseases and potential new therapeutic GM targets, like fecal transplantation, antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics. We conclude that population-level shifts in GM could play a regulatory role in the gut-liver axis and, consequently, etiopathogenesis of chronic liver diseases. This could have a positive impact on future therapeutic strategies.

【 授权许可】

Unknown