Arginine and Arginases Modulate Metabolism, Tumor Microenvironment and Prostate Cancer Progression

Nutrients

Marcos Carvalho¹  Andreia Matos¹  Manuel Bicho¹  Ricardo Ribeiro¹ 

[1] Laboratory of Genetics and Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;

关键词: arginine;    arginase;    metabolism;    nitric oxide;    prostate cancer;    tumor microenvironment;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu13124503

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Arginine availability and activation of arginine-related pathways at cancer sites have profound effects on the tumor microenvironment, far beyond their well-known role in the hepatic urea cycle. Arginine metabolism impacts not only malignant cells but also the surrounding immune cells behavior, modulating growth, survival, and immunosurveillance mechanisms, either through an arginase-mediated effect on polyamines and proline synthesis, or by the arginine/nitric oxide pathway in tumor cells, antitumor T-cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and macrophages. This review presents evidence concerning the impact of arginine metabolism and arginase activity in the prostate cancer microenvironment, highlighting the recent advances in immunotherapy, which might be relevant for prostate cancer. Even though further research is required, arginine deprivation may represent a novel antimetabolite strategy for the treatment of arginine-dependent prostate cancer.

【 授权许可】

Unknown