High dietary intake of phytosterol esters decreases carotenoids and increases plasma plant sterol levels with no additional cholesterol lowering

Journal of Lipid Research

Manny Noakes¹  Marja Cehun¹  Donna Ross²  Paul Nestel²  Peter M. Clifton³  Andriana Fassoulakis³ 

[1] Baker Medical Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Health Sciences and Nutrition, Adelaide, S.A., Australia;Goodman Fielder Pty Ltd., North Ryde NSW 2113, Australia;

关键词: low density lipoprotein cholesterol;    sitosterol;    campesterol;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The objective of this study was to measure the effects on serum lipids and plasma phytosterols of 6.6 g/day phytosterols from three foods (bread, breakfast cereal, and spread) consumed for 12 weeks compared with a diet that was not enriched with phytosterols. Thirty-five subjects undertook a nonrandomized, single-blind study consisting of a 2 week baseline period, 6 weeks on high-phytosterol intake, 6 weeks on high-phytosterol intake plus increased fruit and vegetable intake, and a final 2 week washout period. Serum total cholesterol decreased by 8.3% from 6.59 to 6.04 mmol/l, and LDL cholesterol decreased by 12.6% from 4.44 to 3.88 mmol/l. Plasma phytosterol levels increased by 45% (sitosterol) and 105% (campesterol). Cholesterol-adjusted plasma α- and β-carotene levels decreased by 19–23%, lutein by 14%, and lycopene by 11%. Levels of α-carotene and lutein increased with extra fruit and vegetables. Only lycopene failed to increase during the washout phase. There were no significant changes in biochemical parameters.Serum LDL cholesterol lowering with 6.6 g/day ingested phytosterols was in the range seen with 1.6–3.2 g/day phytosterols. Lowering of plasma carotenoids was greater than that seen with lower phytosterol intake and was partially reversed by increased fruit and vegetable intake.

【 授权许可】

Unknown