Dietary Fatty Acids and Changes in Blood Lipids during Adolescence: The Role of Substituting Nutrient Intakes

Nutrients

Anette Buyken¹  Andrea von Berg²  Dietrich Berdel²  Tamara Schikowski³  Joachim Heinrich⁴  Carla Harris⁴  Marie Standl⁴  Berthold Koletzko⁵  Sibylle Koletzko⁵ 

[1] DONALD Study, IEL-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 44225 Dortmund, Germany;Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, 46483 Wesel, Germany;IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Centre for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, 80337 Munich, Germany;

关键词: fatty acids;    lipids;    isocaloric substitution;    diet;    carbohydrates;    adolescence;    epidemiology;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu9020127

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The relevance of dietary fatty acids (FA) for blood lipids should be assessed in the context of substituting nutrients. Such evidence is lacking for adolescents. This study describes prospective associations of dietary FA with changes in serum lipids during adolescence, and considers the theoretical isocaloric replacements of saturated FA (SFA) with other FA or carbohydrates (CHO). Children from the GINIplus and LISAplus birth cohorts, with data on FA intakes (at age 10 years) and serum lipids (at age 10 and 15 years), were included (n = 1398). Associations of SFA, monounsaturated FA (MUFA), n-3 polyunsaturated FA (n-3 PUFA) and n-6 PUFA, with changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TAG), and total cholesterol to HDL ratio (TOTAL:HDL), were assessed by linear regression. Substitution models assessed isocaloric replacements of SFA with MUFA, n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA or CHO. Higher SFA intakes were associated with decreasing TAG. No associations were observed for fatty acid intakes with LDL, HDL or TOTAL:HDL. In females, replacing SFA with CHO was associated with increasing LDL, TAG and TOTAL:HDL. Our findings confirm observations in adults, although sex-specific determinants seem relevant in our adolescent population. Overlooking the nutrient context when limiting SFA intakes might have detrimental consequences appreciable as early as adolescence.

【 授权许可】

Unknown