Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 in reshaping tumor immune microenvironment: biological function and potential therapy strategies

Cell Communication and Signaling

Mingyao Huang¹  Shibo Wei¹  Hongyu Zheng¹  Jiaxing Liu¹  Xinyu Li¹  Sheng Zhang¹  Shuo Yang¹  Guangpeng He¹  Liang Yang¹  Xueqiang Peng¹  Qing Fan¹  Hangyu Li¹ 

[1] Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University;

关键词: PD-L1;    Extracellular vesicles;    Immune escape;    Biomarker;    Immunotherapy;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12964-021-00816-w

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) is the ligand for programmed death protein-1 (PD-1), is associated with immunosuppression. Signaling via PD-1/PD-L1 will transmits negative regulatory signals to T cells, inducing T-cell inhibition, reducing CD8+ T-cell proliferation, or promoting T-cell apoptosis, which effectively reduces the immune response and leads to large-scale tumor growth. Accordingly, many antibody preparations targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 have been designed to block the binding of these two proteins and restore T-cell proliferation and cytotoxicity of T cells. However, these drugs are ineffective in clinical practice. Recently, numerous of studies have shown that, in addition to the surface of tumor cells, PD-L1 is also found on the surface of extracellular vesicles secreted by these cells. Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 can also interact with PD-1 on the surface of T cells, leading to immunosuppression, and has been proposed as a potential mechanism underlying PD-1/PD-L1-targeted drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to explore the production, regulation and tumor immunosuppression of PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells and extracellular vesicles, as well as the potential clinical application of extracellular vesicle PD-L1 as tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Video Abstract

【 授权许可】

Unknown