Cancer Stem Cell Biomarkers Predictive of Radiotherapy Response in Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

Genes

Alice Turdo¹  Giorgio Stassi²  Veronica Veschi²  Marzia Mare³  Dario Giuffrida³  Cristina Colarossi⁴  Lorenzo Colarossi⁴  Lorenzo Memeo⁴ 

[1] Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;Medical Oncology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;Pathology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;

关键词: radiosensitivity;    cancer stem cells;    organoids;    rectal cancer (RC);    neo-adjuvant radiotherapy;    in vitro radiotherapy;   

DOI  :  10.3390/genes12101502

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: Rectal cancer (RC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed and particularly challenging tumours to treat due to its location in the pelvis and close proximity to critical genitourinary organs. Radiotherapy (RT) is recognised as a key component of therapeutic strategy to treat RC, promoting the downsizing and downstaging of large RCs in neoadjuvant settings, although its therapeutic effect is limited due to radioresistance. Evidence from experimental and clinical studies indicates that the likelihood of achieving local tumour control by RT depends on the complete eradication of cancer stem cells (CSC), a minority subset of tumour cells with stemness properties. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted by querying two scientific databases (Pubmed and Scopus). The search was restricted to papers published from 2009 to 2021. Results: After assessing the quality and the risk of bias, a total of 11 studies were selected as they mainly focused on biomarkers predictive of RT-response in CSCs isolated from patients affected by RC. Specifically these studies showed that elevated levels of CD133, CD44, ALDH1, Lgr5 and G9a are associated with RT-resistance and poor prognosis. Conclusions: This review aimed to provide an overview of the current scenario of in vitro and in vivo studies evaluating the biomarkers predictive of RT-response in CSCs derived from RC patients.

【 授权许可】

Unknown