Tumor metastasis: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic interventions

MedComm

Xing Zhang¹  Jing Yang¹  Bushu Xu¹  Mengmeng Liu¹ 

[1] Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China;

关键词: cancer;    epithelial‐mesenchymal transition;    immunotherapy;    metastasis;    targeted therapy;    tumor microenvironment;   

DOI  :  10.1002/mco2.100

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Cancer metastasis is responsible for the vast majority of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. In contrast to numerous discoveries that reveal the detailed mechanisms leading to the formation of the primary tumor, the biological underpinnings of the metastatic disease remain poorly understood. Cancer metastasis is a complex process in which cancer cells escape from the primary tumor, settle, and grow at other parts of the body. Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and anoikis resistance of tumor cells are the main forces to promote metastasis, and multiple components in the tumor microenvironment and their complicated crosstalk with cancer cells are closely involved in distant metastasis. In addition to the three cornerstones of tumor treatment, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, novel treatment approaches including targeted therapy and immunotherapy have been established in patients with metastatic cancer. Although the cancer survival rate has been greatly improved over the years, it is still far from satisfactory. In this review, we provided an overview of the metastasis process, summarized the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the dissemination and distant metastasis of cancer cells, and reviewed the important advances in interventions for cancer metastasis.

【 授权许可】

Unknown