Extreme Learning Machine Based Prediction of Soil Shear Strength: A Sensitivity Analysis Using Monte Carlo Simulations and Feature Backward Elimination

Sustainability

Nadhir Al-Ansari¹  BinhThai Pham²  Trung Nguyen-Thoi²  Tien-Thinh Le³  Van-Quan Tran⁴  Hai-Bang Ly⁴  ManhDuc Nguyen⁵ 

[1] Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 971 87 Lulea, Sweden;Division of Computational Mathematics and Engineering, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam;University of Transport Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;

关键词: extreme learning machine;    soil shear strength;    monte carlo simulations;    backward elimination;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su12062339

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Machine Learning (ML) has been applied widely in solving a lot of real-world problems. However, this approach is very sensitive to the selection of input variables for modeling and simulation. In this study, the main objective is to analyze the sensitivity of an advanced ML method, namely the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) algorithm under different feature selection scenarios for prediction of shear strength of soil. Feature backward elimination supported by Monte Carlo simulations was applied to evaluate the importance of factors used for the modeling. A database constructed from 538 samples collected from Long Phu 1 power plant project was used for analysis. Well-known statistical indicators, such as the correlation coefficient (R), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE), were utilized to evaluate the performance of the ELM algorithm. In each elimination step, the majority vote based on six elimination indicators was selected to decide the variable to be excluded. A number of 30,000 simulations were conducted to find out the most relevant variables in predicting the shear strength of soil using ELM. The results show that the performance of ELM is good but very different under different combinations of input factors. The moisture content, liquid limit, and plastic limit were found as the most critical variables for the prediction of shear strength of soil using the ML model.

【 授权许可】

Unknown