Microbiome as Mediator of Diet on Colorectal Cancer Risk: The Role of Vitamin D, Markers of Inflammation and Adipokines

Nutrients

Nicola Segata¹  Paolo Manghi¹  Mariano Suppa²  Silvia Guglietta³  Federica Bellerba³  Maria Rescigno³  Sara Gandini³  Chiara Pozzi³  Federica Corso³  Bernardo Bonanni⁴  Debora Macis⁴  Valentina Aristarco⁴  Davide Serrano⁴  Cristina Trovato⁵  Patrizia Gnagnarella⁶  MariaGiulia Zampino⁷  Bruno Fosso⁸  Marinella Marzano⁸ 

[1] Department CIBIO, University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy;Department of Dermatology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, 1060 Brussels, Belgium;Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20125 Milan, Italy;Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20125 Milan, Italy;Division of Endoscopy, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20125 Milan, Italy;Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20125 Milan, Italy;Division of Medical Oncology Gastrointestinal and Neuroendocrine Tumors, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20125 Milan, Italy;Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70128 Bari, Italy;

关键词: microbiota;    diet;    colorectal cancer;    obesity;    inflammation;    vitamin D;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu13020363

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Obesity and diet are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, and microbiome could mediate this risk factor. To investigate this interaction, we performed a case–control study (34 CRC cases and 32 controls) and analyzed fecal microbiota composition using 16S rRNA metabarcoding and sub-sequential shotgun analyses of genomic bacterial DNA to evaluate the role of microbiome and diet in CRC etiology, taking into account vitamin D and other risk biomarkers. Dietary habits were evaluated using a short questionnaire. Multivariate methods for data integration and mediation analysis models were used to investigate causal relationships. CRC cases were significantly more often deficient in vitamin D than controls (p = 0.04); FokI and CYP24A1 polymorphism frequency were different between cases and controls (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively). A diet poor in fatty fish and rich in carbohydrates was found to be significantly associated with CRC risk (p = 0.011). The mediation analysis confirmed the significant role of the microbiome in mediating CRC risk—increasing levels of Bifidobacteria/Escherichia genera ratio, an indicator of “healthy” intestinal microbiome, can overcome the effect of diet on CRC risk (p = 0.03). This study suggests that microbiome mediates the diet effect on CRC risk, and that vitamin D, markers of inflammation, and adipokines are other factors to consider in order to achieve a better knowledge of the whole carcinogenic process.

【 授权许可】

Unknown