The Association between Maternal Stress and Glucocorticoid Rhythmicity in Human Milk

Nutrients

AnnemiekeC. Heijboer¹  JonnekeJ. Hollanders²  Joost Rotteveel²  Michelle Romijn²  LucaJ. L. van Tilburg²  MartijnJ. J. Finken²  Bibian van der Voorn³  KoertM. Dolman⁴  BiritF. P. Broekman⁵  Paul de Goede⁶ 

[1] Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatrics, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), 1006 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

关键词: hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis;    glucocorticoid rhythm;    psychopathology;    breast milk;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu13051608

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: Chronic stress is often accompanied by alterations in the diurnal rhythm of hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal activity. However, there are limited data on the diurnal rhythmicity of breast milk glucocorticoids (GCs) among women with psychological distress. We compared mothers who sought consultation at an expertise center for pregnant women with an increased risk of psychological distress with control mothers for GC diurnal rhythmicity in milk and saliva obtained at the same time. Methods: We included 19 mothers who sought consultation at the psychiatry–obstetric–pediatric (POP) outpatient clinic and 44 control mothers. One month postpartum, mothers collected on average eight paired milk and saliva samples during a 24 h period. GC levels were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. GC rhythmicity parameters were determined with specialized software. Results: For both milk and saliva, no group differences regarding GC rhythms were found. Milk cortisol area under the curve with respect to the ground was lower in the POP group than in the control group (p = 0.02). GC levels in human milk and saliva were highly correlated within each group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although there were no differences between groups in GC rhythmicity, the total amount of milk cortisol was lower in the POP group. Long-term follow-up is needed to address the impact of vertical transmission of breast milk GCs.

【 授权许可】

Unknown