Age-Related Changes of Sprint Kinematics

Frontiers in Physiology

Julian Dahl¹  Frank Hildebrand¹  Bergita Ganse³  Hans Degens⁴ 

[1] Department of Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany;Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania;School of Healthcare Science, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom;University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, Romania;

关键词: aging;    master athletics;    track and field;    running;    video analysis;    locomotion;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fphys.2019.00613

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The sprint performance of master athletes decreases with age, but little is known about possible contributions of changes in sprint kinematics. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of age, sex and sprinting kinematics on sprint performance. To investigate this, in 199 men (30–89 years) and 81 women (33–76 years), bending over, brake, propulsion, leg stiffness and hip flexion angles were assessed during a sprint stride using high-resolution video analyses. Propulsion angle (men 25 ± 4.2, women 23.7 ± 4) was larger and hip flexion angle (men 25.3 ± 7.3, women 28 ± 5.7) was smaller in men than in women (both p < 0.001). Bending over angle (p = 0.004), brake angle (p = 0.004) and hip flexion angle (p < 0.001) increased, whereas propulsion angle (p < 0.001) and leg stiffness angle (p = 0.001) decreased with age, irrespective of sex. While performance was mainly determined by age (R2 = 0.501, p < 0.001) and sex (adjusted R2 = 0.642), hip flexion angle (adjusted R2 = 0.686) and bending over angle (adjusted R2 = 0.705) contributed also to performance in 60-m sprint. In 200-m sprint, in addition to age and sex, only hip flexion angle (age: R2 = 0.506; age + sex adjusted: R2 = 641; age + sex + hip flexion adjusted: R2 = 0.655) contributed to performance. In conclusion, the kinematics of sprinting differ between sexes and change with age. The aging-related changes of sprinting kinematics have a minor contribution to the aging-related decline in performance.

【 授权许可】

Unknown