Kinematics of the Final Approach and Take-Off Phases in World-Class Men and Women Pole Vaulters

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living

Brian Hanley²  Mike Hopkinson²  Stéphane Merlino³  Helen J. Gravestock⁴  Giorgos P. Paradisis⁵  Athanassios Bissas⁶ 

[1] Athletics Biomechanics, Leeds, United Kingdom;Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom;International Relations and Development Department, World Athletics, Monte Carlo, Monaco;School of Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom;School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece;School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom;

关键词: track and field;    elite-standard athletes;    kinematics;    sex-based differences;    coaching;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fspor.2022.835659

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The pole vault is a highly technical event where the athletes must successfully convert horizontal velocity during the run-up to vertical velocity at take-off. The aim of this study was to compare the kinematics of men's and women's world-class pole vaulting. Video data were collected of the best clearances by 14 men and 11 women at the 2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships using three high-speed cameras (200 Hz). Running velocity, step lengths, step times, and pole angles were measured during the run-up; during take-off, distance from the plant box, angle and velocity of take-off, and relative positions of the foot and hands were measured. Men achieved greater clearance heights with faster run-ups, faster take-off velocities and higher hand grip positions (all p < 0.001), with each of the last three steps longer for men when expressed as absolute values (all p < 0.001), but not when expressed relative to stature. There were no differences in run-up pole angles, step times, take-off angle, take-off contact time or time from pole plant to take-off. Women differed in their approach and take-off for characteristics affected by stature and strength, such as fewer run-up steps, shorter take-off distances, and lower grip heights. These lower grips result from a shorter, lighter pole, and this disadvantage was greater than slower run-up velocities. Coaches should therefore note that sex-based differences occur in the pole vault that result from anthropometric differences, but which do not negate the adoption of similar technical models of vaulting.

【 授权许可】

Unknown