Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer?

Cells

Liang Cheng¹  Francesca Giunchi²  Michelangelo Fiorentino²  Antonio Lopez-Beltran³  Veronica Mollica⁴  Francesco Massari⁴  Alessandro Rizzo⁴  Matteo Santoni⁵  Marina Scarpelli⁶  Alessia Cimadamore⁶  Rodolfo Montironi⁶ 

[1] Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;Department of Pathology, Ospedale Maggiore and University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;Department of Surgery, Cordoba University Medical School, 14071 Cordoba, Spain;Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni, 15 Bologna, Italy;Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, 62012 Macerata, Italy;Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, Italy;

关键词: prostate cancer;    immunotherapy;    pd-1;    CTLA-4;    predictive biomarkers;    vaccines;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cells9092051

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In the last decade, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of several hematological and solid malignancies, reporting unprecedented response rates. Unfortunately, this is not the case for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), as several phase I and II trials assessing programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors have shown limited benefits. Moreover, despite sipuleucel-T representing the only cancer vaccine approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for mCRPC following the results of the IMPACT trial, the use of this agent is relatively limited in everyday clinical practice. The identification of specific histological and molecular biomarkers that could predict response to immunotherapy represents one of the current challenges, with an aim to detect subgroups of mCRPC patients who may benefit from immune checkpoint monoclonal antibodies as monotherapy or in combination with other anticancer agents. Several unanswered questions remain, including the following: is there—or will there ever be—a role for immunotherapy in prostate cancer? In this review, we aim at underlining the failures and promises of immunotherapy in prostate cancer, summarizing the current state of art regarding cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint monoclonal antibodies, and discussing future research directions in this immunologically “cold” malignancy.

【 授权许可】

Unknown