Extracellular Vesicles miRNA Cargo for Microglia Polarization in Traumatic Brain Injury

Biomolecules

Tarek Benameur¹  MariaAntonietta Panaro²  Chiara Porro³ 

[1] Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;

关键词: TBI;    neuroinflammation;    microglia;    Extracellular Vesicles;    Exosomes;    miRNAs;   

DOI  :  10.3390/biom10060901

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major causes of death and disability worldwide, and despite its high dissemination, effective pharmacotherapies are lacking. TBI can be divided into two phases: the instantaneous primary mechanical injury, which occurs at the moment of insult, and the delayed secondary injury, which involves a cascade of biological processes that lead to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of both acute and chronic TBI, and it is considered to be one of the major determinants of the outcome and progression of disease. In TBI one of the emerging mechanisms for cell–cell communication involved in the immune response regulation is represented by Extracellular Vesicles (EVs). These latter are produced by all cell types and are considered a fingerprint of their generating cells. Exosomes are the most studied nanosized vesicles and can carry a variety of molecular constituents of their cell of origin, including microRNAs (miRNAs). Several miRNAs have been shown to target key neuropathophysiological pathways involved in TBI. The focus of this review is to analyze exosomes and their miRNA cargo to modulate TBI neuroinflammation providing new strategies for prevent long-term progression of disease.

【 授权许可】

Unknown