Immunity Profiling of COVID-19 Infection, Dynamic Variations of Lymphocyte Subsets, a Comparative Analysis on Four Different Groups

Microorganisms

Giuseppe Mancusi Materi¹  Rita Laforgia²  Angela Pezzolla²  Antonella Prudenzano³  Giancarla Pricolo³  Patrizia D’Errico³  Felice Lorusso⁴  Antonio Scarano⁴  Luigi Vimercati⁵  Francesco Inchingolo⁵  Kieu Cao Diem Nguyen⁵  Gianna Dipalma⁵  Alessio Danilo Inchingolo⁵  Van Hung Pham⁶  Sergey Khachatur Aityan⁷  Diego Tomassone⁸  Donatello Iacobone⁹  Pietro Distratis^1,10  Davide Palazzo^1,10  Ciro Gargiulo Isacco^1,10  Mario Giosuè Balzanelli^1,10  Orazio Catucci^1,10  Angelo Cefalo^1,10  Rita Lazzaro^1,10  Felice Amatulli^1,10 

[1] Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Emergency, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;Department of Hematology, SS. Annunziata, 74100 Taranto, Italy;Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;Department of Microbiology, “Phan Chau Trinh” University of Medicine and Nam-Khoa Biotek, Ho Chi Minh 50000, Vietnam;Director Multidisciplinary Research Center, Lincoln University, Oakland, CA 94612, USA;Foundation of Physics Research Center, 87053 Celico, Italy;SET-118, Department of Pre-Hospital and Emergency, BAT, 76121 Barletta, Italy;SET-118, Department of Pre-Hospital and Emergency, SG Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, 74100 Taranto, Italy;

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    cellular immunity;    coronavirus;    humoral response;    broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF);   

DOI  :  10.3390/microorganisms9102036

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-induced pneumonia (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019 in China, spreading worldwide. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the immunological response and the clinical subset of peripheral lymphocyte subset alteration in COVID-19 infection. Methods: the study was conducted on four different clinical groups (n = 4; total n = 138). Each individual was assigned to different groups based on specific criteria evaluated at the admission such as fever, dyspnea, arterial blood gas analysis (ABG), oral-nasopharyngeal swab/RT-PCR, and thoracic CT-scan. Treatment was performed only after blood samples were collected from each patient (PP and PP) at day 1. The blood samples were analyzed and tested the same day (CBC and Flowcytometry). The positive–positive group (PP n = 45; F = 18/ M = 27; median age = 62.33), comprised individuals affected by COVID-19 who showed fever, dyspnea (ABG = pO2 < 60), confirmed positive by oral-nasopharyngeal swab/RT-PCR and with CT-scan showing ground-glass opacities. The negative–positive (NP; n = 37; F = 11/M = 26; median age = 75.94) or “COVID-like” group comprised individuals with fever and dyspnea (ABG = pO2 < 60), who tested negative to nasopharyngeal swab/RT-PCR, with CT-scans showing ground-glass opacities in the lungs. The negative–affected group (NA; n = 40; F = 14/M = 26; median age = 58.5) included individuals negative to COVID-19 (RT-PCR) but affected by different chronic respiratory diseases (the CT-scans didn’t show ground-glass opacities). Finally, the negative–negative group (NN; n = 16; F = 14/M = 2) included healthy patients (NN; n = 16; median age = 42.62). Data and findings were collected and compared. Results: Lymphocytes (%) cells showed a decline in COVID-19 patients. The subsets showed a significant association with the inflammatory status in COVID-19, especially with regard to increased neutrophils, T-killer, T-active, T-suppressor, and T-CD8+CD38+ in individuals belong to the either COVID-19 and Covid-like NP group. Conclusions: Peripheral lymphocyte subset alteration was associated with the clinical characteristics and progression of COVID-19. The level of sub-set cells T-lymphocytes (either high or low) and B-lymphocytes could be used as an independent predictor for COVID-19 severity and treatment efficacy.

【 授权许可】

Unknown