Nano-scale delivery: A comprehensive review of nano-structured devices, preparative techniques, site-specificity designs, biomedical applications, commercial products, and references to safety, cellular uptake, and organ toxicity

Nanotechnology Reviews

Singh Varsha¹  Yusuf Mohammad²  Bouazzaoui Abdellatif³  Mohammed Hamdoon A.⁴  Khan Riaz A.⁴  Al-Omar Mohsen S.⁴  Akhtar Naseem⁵  Abdellatif Ahmed A. H.⁶  Al-Subaiyel Amal⁶  Khan Maria⁷  Mohammed Salman A. A.⁸ 

[1] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Manav Rachna Institute of Research and Studies (MRIRS), National Capital Region, Aravalli Hills, Sector-41, Faridabad 121 001, India;Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif Al Haweiah, 21974, Saudi Arabia;Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah, Qassim 51418, Saudi Arabia;Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Female Section, Taif University, Taif Al Haweiah, Saudi Arabia;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;

关键词: nanomedicine;    nanoparticles;    hydrogels;    liposomes;    dendrimers;    carbon nanotubes;    drug delivery;    biomedical applications;    nano-products;    toxicity;   

DOI  :  10.1515/ntrev-2021-0096

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

This review focuses on nano-structured delivery devices prepared from biodegradable and biocompatible natural and synthetic polymers, organic raw materials, metals, metal oxides, and their other compounds that culminated in the preparation of various nano-entities depending on the preparative techniques, and starting raw materials’ utilizations. Many nanoparticles (NPs) made of polymeric, metallic, magnetic, and non-magnetic origins, liposomes, hydrogels, dendrimers, and other carbon-based nano-entities have been produced. Developments in nanomaterial substrate and end products’ design, structural specifications, preparative strategies, chemo-biological interfacing to involve the biosystems interactions, surface functionalization, and on-site biomolecular and physiology-mediated target-specific delivery concepts, examples, and applications are outlined. The inherent toxicity, and safety of the design concepts in nanomaterial preparation, and their applications in biomedical fields, especially to the organs, cellular and sub-cellular deliveries are deliberated. Bioapplications, the therapeutic delivery modules’ pharmacokinetics and medicinal values, nanopharmaceutical designs, and their contributions as nano-entities in the healthcare biotechnology of drug delivery domains have also been discussed. The importance of site-specific triggers in nano-scale deliveries, the inherent and induced structural specifications of numerous nanomaterial entities belonging to NPs, nano-scale composites, nano-conjugates, and other nano-devices of organic and inorganic origins, near biological systems are detailed. Modifications that provide nano-deliveries of their intrinsic therapeutic actions, through structural and physicochemical characteristics modifications, and the proven success of various nano-delivery devices and currently available commercial nanomedicinal and nanopharmaceutical products are also provided.

【 授权许可】

Unknown