Screening and Characterization of Potentially Suppressive Soils against Gaeumannomyces graminis under Extensive Wheat Cropping by Chilean Indigenous Communities

Frontiers in Microbiology

Milko Jorquera¹  Paola Durán²  Sharon Viscardi²  María J. Pozo³  Victor J. Carrion⁴  María de la Luz Mora⁵ 

[1] Applied Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences and Natural Resources, Universidad de La FronteraTemuco, Chile;Biocontrol Research Laboratory, Universidad de La FronteraTemuco, Chile;Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC)Granada, Spain;Netherlands Institute of Ecology, (NIOO-KNAW)Wageningen, Netherlands;Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La FronteraTemuco, Chile;

关键词: Gaeumannomyces graminis;    Mapuche;    microbial communities;    suppressive soils;    Triticum aestivum;    take-all disease;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2017.01552

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Wheat production around the world is severely compromised by the occurrence of “take-all” disease, which is caused by the soil-borne pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt). In this context, suppressive soils are those environments in which plants comparatively suffer less soil-borne pathogen diseases than expected, owing to native soil microorganism activities. In southern Chile, where 85% of the national cereal production takes place, several studies have suggested the existence of suppressive soils under extensive wheat cropping. Thus, this study aimed to screen Ggt-suppressive soil occurrence in 16 locations managed by indigenous “Mapuche” communities, using extensive wheat cropping for more than 10 years. Ggt growth inhibition in vitro screenings allowed the identification of nine putative suppressive soils. Six of these soils, including Andisols and Ultisols, were confirmed to be suppressive, since they reduced take-all disease in wheat plants growing under greenhouse conditions. Suppressiveness was lost upon soil sterilization, and recovered by adding 1% of the natural soil, hence confirming that suppressiveness was closely associated to the soil microbiome community composition. Our results demonstrate that long-term extensive wheat cropping, established by small Mapuche communities, can generate suppressive soils that can be used as effective microorganism sources for take-all disease biocontrol. Accordingly, suppressive soil identification and characterization are key steps for the development of environmentally-friendly and efficient biotechnological applications for soil-borne disease control.

【 授权许可】

Unknown