miRNAs in Cardiac Myxoma: New Pathologic Findings for Potential Therapeutic Opportunities

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Francesco Nappi¹  Francesco Loreni²  Massimo Chello²  Antonio Nenna²  Omar Giacinto²  Pierluigi Nappi³  Camilla Chello⁴ 

[1] Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord de Saint Denis, 93200 Paris, France;Cardiac Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;Cardiology, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;Integrated Biomedical Science and Bioethics, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;

关键词: miRNA;    myxoma;    cardiac tumors;    cardiac surgery;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms23063309

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, contributing to all major cellular processes. The importance of miRNAs in cardiac development, heart function, and valvular heart disease has been shown in recent years, and aberrant expression of miRNA has been reported in various malignancies, such as gastric cancer and breast cancer. Different from other fields of investigation, the role of miRNAs in cardiac tumors still remains difficult to interpret due to the scarcity publications and a lack of narrative focus on this topic. In this article, we summarize the available evidence on miRNAs and cardiac myxomas and propose new pathways for future research. miRNAs play a part in modifying the expression of cardiac transcription factors (miR-335-5p), increasing cell cycle trigger factors (miR-126-3p), interfering with ceramide synthesis (miR-320a), inducing apoptosis (miR-634 and miR-122), suppressing production of interleukins (miR-217), and reducing cell proliferation (miR-218). As such, they have complex and interconnected roles. At present, the study of the complete mechanistic control of miRNA remains a crucial issue, as proper understanding of signaling pathways is essential for the forecasting of therapeutic implications. Other types of cardiac tumors still lack adequate investigation with regard to miRNA. Further research should aim at investigating the causal relationship between different miRNAs and cell overgrowth, considering both myxoma and other histological types of cardiac tumors. We hope that this review will help in understanding this fascinating molecular approach.

【 授权许可】

Unknown