Redox and Thiols in Archaea

Antioxidants

Mamta Rawat¹  JulieA. Maupin-Furlow² 

[1] Biology Department, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA;Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;

关键词: archaea;    low molecular weight thiols;    glutathione;    γ-glutamylcysteine;    coenzyme A;    redox cycling;   

DOI  :  10.3390/antiox9050381

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Low molecular weight (LMW) thiols have many functions in bacteria and eukarya, ranging from redox homeostasis to acting as cofactors in numerous reactions, including detoxification of xenobiotic compounds. The LMW thiol, glutathione (GSH), is found in eukaryotes and many species of bacteria. Analogues of GSH include the structurally different LMW thiols: bacillithiol, mycothiol, ergothioneine, and coenzyme A. Many advances have been made in understanding the diverse and multiple functions of GSH and GSH analogues in bacteria but much less is known about distribution and functions of GSH and its analogues in archaea, which constitute the third domain of life, occupying many niches, including those in extreme environments. Archaea are able to use many energy sources and have many unique metabolic reactions and as a result are major contributors to geochemical cycles. As LMW thiols are major players in cells, this review explores the distribution of thiols and their biochemistry in archaea.

【 授权许可】

Unknown