Phenylalanine Increases the Production of Antioxidant Phenolic Acids in Ginkgo biloba Cell Cultures

Molecules

Maria Fernanda Taviano¹  Emilia Cavò¹  Natalizia Miceli¹  Inga Kwiecień²  Agnieszka Szewczyk²  Karolina Rajek³  Mariusz Grabowski³ 

[1] Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy;Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;SSG of Medicinal Plants and Mushroom Biotechnology Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Cracow, Poland;

关键词: Ginkgo biloba;    in vitro cultures;    phenolic acids;    antioxidant activity;    Artemia salina;    phenylalanine;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules26164965

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The aims of this study were to evaluate the antioxidant properties, to investigate the content of major secondary metabolites in Ginkgo biloba cell cultures, and to determine the change in the production of phenolic acids by adding phenylalanine to the culture medium. Three in vitro methods, which depend on different mechanisms, were used for assessing the antioxidant activity of the extract: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), reducing power and Fe²⁺ chelating activity assays. The extract showed moderate activity both in the DPPH and in the reducing power assays (IC₅₀ = 1.966 ± 0.058 mg/mL; ASE/mL = 16.31 ± 1.20); instead, it was found to possess good chelating properties reaching approximately 70% activity at the highest tested dose. The total phenolic, total flavonoid, and condensed tannin content of G. biloba cell culture extract was spectrophotometrically determined. The phenolic acid content was investigated by RP-HPLC, and the major metabolites—protocatechuic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids—were isolated and investigated by ¹H NMR. The results showed that phenylalanine added to G. biloba cell cultures at concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 mg/150 mL increased the production of phenolic acids. Cultures that were grown for 3 weeks and collected after 4 days of phenylalanine supplementation at high concentration showed maximal content of phenolic acids (73.76 mg/100 g DW).

【 授权许可】

Unknown