Abnormally Large Baseline P300 Amplitude Is Associated With Conversion to Psychosis in Clinical High Risk Individuals With a History of Autism: A Pilot Study

Frontiers in Psychiatry

Larry J. Seidman¹  William S. Stone¹  Margaret Niznikiewicz¹  Jean M. Addington²  Carrie E. Bearden³  Jennifer H. Foss-Feig⁴  Sylvia B. Guillory⁴  Eva Velthorst⁴  Gregory A. Light⁵  Kristin S. Cadenhead⁵  Ming Tsuang⁵  Holly Hamilton⁶  Daniel H. Mathalon⁶  Aysenil Belger⁷  Diana Perkins⁷  Peter Bachman⁸  Barbara Cornblatt⁹  Ricardo Carrion⁹  Elaine F. Walker^1,10  Erica Duncan^1,10  Jason Johannesen^1,11  Tyrone D. Cannon^1,11  Thomas McGlashan^1,11  Scott Woods^1,11  Brian J. Roach^1,12 

[1] 0Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States;1Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;2Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States;Department of Psychiatry and Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States;Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States;Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States;Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States;Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, New York, NY, United States;Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Atlanta VA Health Care System and Emory University, Decatur, GA, United States;Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States;San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States;

关键词: autism spectrum disorder;    psychosis;    P300;    EEG;    conversion;    prodrome;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpsyt.2021.591127

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Psychosis rates in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are 5–35% higher than in the general population. The overlap in sensory and attentional processing abnormalities highlights the possibility of related neurobiological substrates. Previous research has shown that several electroencephalography (EEG)-derived event-related potential (ERP) components that are abnormal in schizophrenia, including P300, are also abnormal in individuals at Clinical High Risk (CHR) for psychosis and predict conversion to psychosis. Yet, it is unclear whether P300 is similarly sensitive to psychosis risk in help-seeking CHR individuals with ASD history. In this exploratory study, we leveraged data from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS2) to probe for the first time EEG markers of longitudinal psychosis profiles in ASD. Specifically, we investigated the P300 ERP component and its sensitivity to psychosis conversion across CHR groups with (ASD+) and without (ASD–) comorbid ASD. Baseline EEG data were analyzed from 304 CHR patients (14 ASD+; 290 ASD–) from the NAPLS2 cohort who were followed longitudinally over two years. We examined P300 amplitude to infrequent Target (10%; P3b) and Novel distractor (10%; P3a) stimuli from visual and auditory oddball tasks. Whereas P300 amplitude attenuation is typically characteristic of CHR and predictive of conversion to psychosis in non-ASD sample, in our sample, history of ASD moderated this relationship such that, in CHR/ASD+ individuals, enhanced – rather than attenuated - visual P300 (regardless of stimulus type) was associated with psychosis conversion. This pattern was also seen for auditory P3b amplitude to Target stimuli. Though drawn from a small sample of CHR individuals with ASD, these preliminary results point to a paradoxical effect, wherein those with both CHR and ASD history who go on to develop psychosis have a unique pattern of enhanced neural response during attention orienting to both visual and target stimuli. Such a pattern stands out from the usual finding of P300 amplitude reductions predicting psychosis in non-ASD CHR populations and warrants follow up in larger scale, targeted, longitudinal studies of those with ASD at clinical high risk for psychosis.

【 授权许可】

Unknown