Physical activity from adolescence to young adulthood: patterns of change, and their associations with activity domains and sedentary time

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Arja Uusitalo¹  Kai Savonen²  Jimi Kotkajuuri³  Sami Petteri Kokko⁴  Tuula Aira⁴  Jari Villberg⁴  Raija Korpelainen⁵  Olli Juhani Heinonen⁶  Maarit Valtonen⁷  Jari Parkkari⁸  Tommi Vasankari⁹  Henri Vähä-Ypyä⁹ 

[1] Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Medicine;Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital;Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Jyväskylä;Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä;Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu;Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku;Research Center for Olympic Sports;Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine;UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research;

关键词: Physical activity;    Sports;    Adolescence;    Young adults;    Longitudinal studies;    Sedentary behaviour;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12966-021-01130-x

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Longitudinal studies demonstrate an average decline in physical activity (PA) from adolescence to young adulthood. However, while some subgroups of adolescents decrease activity, others increase or maintain high or low activity. Activity domains may differ between subgroups (exhibiting different PA patterns), and they offer valuable information for targeted health promotion. Hence, the aim of this study was to identify PA patterns from adolescence to young adulthood; also to explore the associations of (i) changes in PA domains and in sedentary time, (ii) sociodemographic factors, and (iii) self-rated health with diverging PA patterns. Methods The observational cohort study data encompassed 254 adolescents at age 15 and age 19. K-means cluster analysis for longitudinal data was performed to identify participant clusters (patterns) based on their accelerometry-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Logistic regressions were applied in further analysis. Results Five PA patterns were identified: inactivity maintainers (n = 71), activity maintainers (n = 70), decreasers from moderate (to low) PA (n = 61), decreasers from high (to moderate) PA (n = 32), and increasers (n = 20). At age 15, participation in sports clubs (SC, 41–97%) and active commuting (AC, 47–75%) was common in all the patterns. By age 19, clear dropout from these activities was prevalent (SC participation mean 32%, AC 31–63%). Inactivity maintainers reported the lowest amount of weekly school physical education. Dropout from SC – in contrast to non-participation in SC – was associated with higher odds of being a decreaser from high PA, and with lower odds of being an inactivity maintainer. Maintained SC participation was associated with higher odds of belonging to the decreasers from high PA, and to the combined group of activity maintainers and increasers; also with lower odds of being an inactivity maintainer. Maintenance/adoption of AC was associated with decreased odds of being an inactivity maintainer. Self-reported health at age 19 was associated with the patterns of maintained activity and inactivity. Conclusions PA patterns diverge over the transition to adulthood. Changes in SC participation and AC show different associations with diverging PA patterns. Hence, tailored PA promotion is recommended.

【 授权许可】

Unknown