Physical activity from adolescence to young adulthood: patterns of change, and their associations with activity domains and sedentary time

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Arja Uusitalo¹  Kai Savonen²  Jimi Kotkajuuri³  Tuula Aira⁴  Sami Petteri Kokko⁴  Jari Villberg⁴  Raija Korpelainen⁵  Olli Juhani Heinonen⁶  Maarit Valtonen⁷  Jari Parkkari⁸  Henri Vähä-Ypyä⁹  Tommi Vasankari^1,10 

[1] Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Alppikatu 2, FI-00530, Helsinki, Finland;Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland;Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Haapaniementie 16, FI-70100, Kuopio, Finland;Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, Finland;Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, PL 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland;Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland;Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, P.O. Box 365, FI-90101, Oulu, Finland;Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland;Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Kiinamyllykatu 10, FI-20520, Turku, Finland;Research Center for Olympic Sports, Rautpohjankatu 6, FI-40700, Jyväskylä, Finland;Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Kaupinpuistonkatu 1, FI-33500, Tampere, Finland;UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Kaupinpuistonkatu 1, FI-33500, Tampere, Finland;UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Kaupinpuistonkatu 1, FI-33500, Tampere, Finland;Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland;

关键词: Physical activity;    Sports;    Adolescence;    Young adults;    Longitudinal studies;    Sedentary behaviour;    Accelerometer;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12966-021-01130-x

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundLongitudinal studies demonstrate an average decline in physical activity (PA) from adolescence to young adulthood. However, while some subgroups of adolescents decrease activity, others increase or maintain high or low activity. Activity domains may differ between subgroups (exhibiting different PA patterns), and they offer valuable information for targeted health promotion. Hence, the aim of this study was to identify PA patterns from adolescence to young adulthood; also to explore the associations of (i) changes in PA domains and in sedentary time, (ii) sociodemographic factors, and (iii) self-rated health with diverging PA patterns.MethodsThe observational cohort study data encompassed 254 adolescents at age 15 and age 19. K-means cluster analysis for longitudinal data was performed to identify participant clusters (patterns) based on their accelerometry-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Logistic regressions were applied in further analysis.ResultsFive PA patterns were identified: inactivity maintainers (n = 71), activity maintainers (n = 70), decreasers from moderate (to low) PA (n = 61), decreasers from high (to moderate) PA (n = 32), and increasers (n = 20).At age 15, participation in sports clubs (SC, 41–97%) and active commuting (AC, 47–75%) was common in all the patterns. By age 19, clear dropout from these activities was prevalent (SC participation mean 32%, AC 31–63%). Inactivity maintainers reported the lowest amount of weekly school physical education.Dropout from SC – in contrast to non-participation in SC – was associated with higher odds of being a decreaser from high PA, and with lower odds of being an inactivity maintainer. Maintained SC participation was associated with higher odds of belonging to the decreasers from high PA, and to the combined group of activity maintainers and increasers; also with lower odds of being an inactivity maintainer. Maintenance/adoption of AC was associated with decreased odds of being an inactivity maintainer. Self-reported health at age 19 was associated with the patterns of maintained activity and inactivity.ConclusionsPA patterns diverge over the transition to adulthood. Changes in SC participation and AC show different associations with diverging PA patterns. Hence, tailored PA promotion is recommended.

【 授权许可】

CC BY