Meiosis-specific cohesin complexes display essential and distinct roles in mitotic embryonic stem cell chromosomes

Genome Biology

Bum-Kyu Lee¹  Young Eun Koh²  Seobin Yoon²  Yoonsoo Hahn²  Eui-Hwan Choi²  Keun P. Kim²  Tae Kyung Hong³  Jeong Tae Do³ 

[1] Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, University of Albany-State University of New York;Department of Life Sciences, Chung-Ang University;Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University;

关键词: Meiosis;    Mitosis;    Embryonic stem cell;    Cohesin;    Chromosome;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13059-022-02632-y

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Cohesin is a chromosome-associated SMC–kleisin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion, recombination, and most chromosomal processes during mitosis and meiosis. However, it remains unclear whether meiosis-specific cohesin complexes are functionally active in mitotic chromosomes. Results Through high-resolution 3D-structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) and functional analyses, we report multiple biological processes associated with the meiosis-specific cohesin components, α-kleisin REC8 and STAG3, and the distinct loss of function of meiotic cohesin during the cell cycle of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). First, we show that STAG3 is required for the efficient localization of REC8 to the nucleus by interacting with REC8. REC8-STAG3-containing cohesin regulates topological properties of chromosomes and maintains sister chromatid cohesion. Second, REC8-cohesin has additional sister chromatid cohesion roles in concert with mitotic RAD21-cohesin on ESC chromosomes. SIM imaging of REC8 and RAD21 co-staining revealed that the two types of α-kleisin subunits exhibited distinct loading patterns along ESC chromosomes. Third, knockdown of REC8 or RAD21-cohesin not only leads to higher rates of premature sister chromatid separation and delayed replication fork progression, which can cause proliferation and developmental defects, but also enhances chromosome compaction by hyperloading of retinoblastoma protein–condensin complexes from the prophase onward. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the delicate balance between mitotic and meiotic cohesins may regulate ESC-specific chromosomal organization and the mitotic program.

【 授权许可】

Unknown