Prognostic and Predictive Molecular Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer: Updates and Challenges

Cancers

Stefan Rauh¹  Serge Haan²  Eric Koncina²  Elisabeth Letellier² 

[1] Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch, Department of Oncology, L-4240 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;

关键词: colorectal cancer;    biomarkers;    molecular markers;    early stage crc;    gene signature;    clinical transition;    clinical test;    challenges;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers12020319

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death among cancer patients. This heterogeneous disease is characterized by alterations in multiple molecular pathways throughout its development. Mutations in RAS, along with the mismatch repair gene deficiency, are currently routinely tested in clinics. Such biomarkers provide information for patient risk stratification and for the choice of the best treatment options. Nevertheless, reliable and powerful prognostic markers that can identify “high-risk” CRC patients, who might benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, in early stages, are currently missing. To bridge this gap, genomic information has increasingly gained interest as a potential method for determining the risk of recurrence. However, due to several limitations of gene-based signatures, these have not yet been clinically implemented. In this review, we describe the different molecular markers in clinical use for CRC, highlight new markers that might become indispensable over the next years, discuss recently developed gene expression-based tests and highlight the challenges in biomarker research.

【 授权许可】

Unknown