Predicting Objective Response Rate (ORR) in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Therapies with Machine Learning (ML) by Combining Clinical and Patient-Reported Data

Applied Sciences

Sanna Iivanainen¹  Jussi P. Koivunen¹  Vesa V. Kataja²  Henri Virtanen²  Jussi Ekström² 

[1] Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital and MRC Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;Kaiku Health Oy, 00530 Helsinki, Finland;

关键词: ePRO;    machine learning;    prediction model;    irAE;    immune checkpoint inhibitor;    prognosis;   

DOI  :  10.3390/app12031563

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

ICIs are a standard of care in several malignancies; however, according to overall response rate (ORR), only a subset of eligible patients benefits from ICIs. Thus, an ability to predict ORR could enable more rational use. In this study a ML-based ORR prediction model was built, with patient-reported symptom data and other clinical data as inputs, using the extreme gradient boosting technique (XGBoost). Prediction performance for unseen samples was evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV), and the performance was evaluated with accuracy, AUC (area under curve), F1 score, and MCC (Matthew’s correlation coefficient). The ORR prediction model had a promising LOOCV performance with all four metrics: accuracy (75%), AUC (0.71), F1 score (0.58), and MCC (0.4). A rather good sensitivity (0.58) and high specificity (0.82) of the model were seen in the confusion matrix for all 63 LOOCV ORR predictions. The two most important symptoms for predicting the ORR were itching and fatigue. The results show that it is possible to predict ORR for patients with multiple advanced cancers undergoing ICI therapies with a ML model combining clinical, routine laboratory, and patient-reported data even with a limited size cohort.

【 授权许可】

Unknown