Hypotensive, vasorelaxant and antihypertensive activities of the hexane extract of Anacardium occidentale Linn

Archives of Biological Sciences

Sant’ana Antônio Euzébio G.¹  Araújo-Júnior João X.²  Paulino Emanuel T.³  Bernardino Alessandro C.³  da Costa Cintia D.F.³  Silva Jessyka C.G.³  Herculano Edla A.³  Ribeiro Êurica A.N.⁴  Salvador Marcos J.⁵ 

[1] Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Campus A. C. Simões, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil;Federal University of Alagoas, School of Nursing and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Campus A. C. Simões, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil + Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Campus A. C. Simões, Maceió, ;Federal University of Alagoas, School of Nursing and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Campus A. C. Simões, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil;Federal University of Alagoas, School of Nursing and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Campus A.C. Simões, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil;State University of Campinas, College of Pharmacy, Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas-São Paulo, Brazil;

关键词: Anacardium occidentale;    leaves;    vasorelaxant activity;    hypotension;    antihypertensive effect;   

DOI  :  10.2298/ABS171109006C

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Anacardium occidentale is widely used in folk medicine in Brazil, India, and Africa to treat inflammation, diabetes and hypertension. The aim of the study was to assess the hypotensive, vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effects produced by the hexane extract from the leaves of A. occidentale (HEAO) in rats. The animals were anesthetized, and polyethylene catheters were embedded into the lower abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava for blood pressure measurements and drug administration. The HEAO was injected and the mean arterial pressure and heart rate were measured. The effects of the HEAO on isolated rat mesenteric rings with and without endothelium were investigated. HEAO induced hypotension and bradycardia in normotensive rats. After pretreatment with L-NAME, indomethacin, atropine or hexamethonium, these effects were attenuated. In mesenteric rings, HEAO antagonized the contractile effects induced by phenylephrine or KCl. This effect was inhibited after removal of the vascular endothelium. Oral administration of the HEAO decreased significant mean arterial pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mass spectrometric analysis of HEAO identified malic acid and quercetin. Our findings demonstrate that HEAO produces hypotension probably due to a reduction in peripheral vascular resistance, mediated by the endothelium, in part, by a decrease in cardiac output. Bradycardia appears to be due to the indirect activation of cardiac muscarinic receptors via activation of the vagus nerve. The HEAO also induces an antihypertensive effect.

【 授权许可】

Unknown