Mitochondria and Pharmacologic Cardiac Conditioning—at the Heart of Ischemic Injury

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Franz Kehl¹  Quirin Notz²  Christopher Lotz²  Johannes Herrmann²  Patrick Meybohm² 

[1] Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Karlsruhe Municipal Hospital, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany;Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany;

关键词: cardioprotection;    preconditioning;    ischemia/reperfusion injury;    volatile anesthetics;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms22063224

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Pharmacologic cardiac conditioning increases the intrinsic resistance against ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. The cardiac conditioning response is mediated via complex signaling networks. These networks have been an intriguing research field for decades, largely advancing our knowledge on cardiac signaling beyond the conditioning response. The centerpieces of this system are the mitochondria, a dynamic organelle, almost acting as a cell within the cell. Mitochondria comprise a plethora of functions at the crossroads of cell death or survival. These include the maintenance of aerobic ATP production and redox signaling, closely entwined with mitochondrial calcium handling and mitochondrial permeability transition. Moreover, mitochondria host pathways of programmed cell death impact the inflammatory response and contain their own mechanisms of fusion and fission (division). These act as quality control mechanisms in cellular ageing, release of pro-apoptotic factors and mitophagy. Furthermore, recently identified mechanisms of mitochondrial regeneration can increase the capacity for oxidative phosphorylation, decrease oxidative stress and might help to beneficially impact myocardial remodeling, as well as invigorate the heart against subsequent ischemic insults. The current review highlights different pathways and unresolved questions surrounding mitochondria in myocardial I/R injury and pharmacological cardiac conditioning.

【 授权许可】

Unknown