A Review of CO2 Storage in View of Safety and Cost-Effectiveness

Energies

Faisal Mehmood¹  Cheng Cao²  Wentao Feng²  Zhengmeng Hou²  Jianxing Liao²  Hejuan Liu³ 

[1] Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany;Research Center of Energy Storage Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, 38640 Goslar, Germany;State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;

关键词: co₂ storage;    co₂ utilization;    security assessment;    cost-effectiveness;    co₂ storage projects;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en13030600

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The emissions of greenhouse gases, especially CO₂, have been identified as the main contributor for global warming and climate change. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered to be the most promising strategy to mitigate the anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. This review aims to provide the latest developments of CO₂ storage from the perspective of improving safety and economics. The mechanisms and strategies of CO₂ storage, focusing on their characteristics and current status, are discussed firstly. In the second section, the strategies for assessing and ensuring the security of CO₂ storage operations, including the risks assessment approach and monitoring technology associated with CO₂ storage, are outlined. In addition, the engineering methods to accelerate CO₂ dissolution and mineral carbonation for fixing the mobile CO₂ are also compared within the second section. The third part focuses on the strategies for improving economics of CO₂ storage operations, namely enhanced industrial production with CO₂ storage to generate additional profit, and co-injection of CO₂ with impurities to reduce the cost. Moreover, the role of multiple CCS technologies and their distribution on the mitigation of CO₂ emissions in the future are summarized. This review demonstrates that CO₂ storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs could play an important role in reducing CO₂ emission in the near future and CO₂ storage in saline aquifers may make the biggest contribution due to its huge storage capacity. Comparing the various available strategies, CO₂-enhanced oil recovery (CO₂-EOR) operations are supposed to play the most important role for CO₂ mitigation in the next few years, followed by CO₂-enhanced gas recovery (CO₂-EGR). The direct mineralization of flue gas by coal fly ash and the pH swing mineralization would be the most promising technology for the mineral sequestration of CO₂. Furthermore, by accelerating the deployment of CCS projects on large scale, the government can also play its role in reducing the CO₂ emissions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown