Uniparental Genetic Analyses Reveal Multi-Ethnic Background of Dunhuang Foyemiaowan Population (220–907 CE) With Typical Han Chinese Archaological Culture

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution

Panxin Du¹  Shaoqing Wen¹  Yishi Yang¹  Hailiang Meng²  Boyan Zhou²  Yiran Xu³  Guoke Chen³  Jianxue Xiong³  Haoquan Bao⁴  Yichen Tao⁴  Yao Yu⁴  Edward Allen⁵  Minxi Ben⁶  Hui Li⁶  Hui Wang⁷ 

[1] MOE Laboratory for National Development and Intelligent Governance, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;Center for the Belt and Road Archaeology and Ancient Civilizations, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China;;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences &State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;

关键词: Dunhuang;    dynastic transitions;    archeological culture;    genetic diversity;    multi-ethnicity;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fevo.2022.901295

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The relationship between archeological culture and ethnicity is invariably complex. This is especially the case for periods of national division and rapid inter-ethnic exchange, such as China’s Sixteen Kingdoms (304–439 CE) and Northern and Southern Dynasties (420–589 CE). Going by tomb shape and grave goods, the Foyemiaowan cemetery at Dunhuang exhibits a typical third–tenth century Han style. Despite this, the ethnic makeup of the Foyemiaowan population has remained unclear. We therefore analyzed 485 Y-chromosomal SNPs and entire mitochondrial genomes of 34 Foyemiaowan samples. Our study yielded the following discoveries: (1) principal component analysis revealed that the Foyemiaowan population was closely clustered with Tibeto-Burman populations on the paternal side and close to Mongolic-speaking populations on the maternal side; (2) lineage comparisons at the individual level showed that the Foyemiaowan population consisted of primarily Tibeto-Burman and Han Chinese related lineages (Oα-M117, 25%;Oβ-F46, 18.75%), partially Altaic speaking North Eurasian lineages (N-F1206, 18.75%) and a slight admixture of southern East Asian lineages (O1b1a2-Page59, 6.25%; O1b1a1-PK4, 3.13%). Similarly, the maternal gene pool of Foyemiaowan contained northern East Asian (A, 4.17%; CZ, 16.67%; D, 20.83%; G, 4.17%; M9, 4.17%), southern East Asian (B, 12.51%; F, 20.83%) and western Eurasian (H, 4.17%; J, 4.17%) related lineages; (3) we discovered a relatively high genetic diversity among the Foyemiaowan population (0.891) in our ancient reference populations, indicating a complex history of population admixture. Archeological findings, stable isotope analysis and historical documents further corroborated our results. Although in this period China’s central government had relinquished control of the Hexi Corridor and regional non-Han regimes became the dominant regional power, Foyemiaowan’s inhabitants remained strongly influenced by Han culture.

【 授权许可】

Unknown