Immunomodulation as Therapy for Fungal Infection: Are We Closer?

Frontiers in Microbiology

Louis Yi Ann Chai⁴  Chaminda J. Seneviratne⁵  Qi Hui Sam⁶  Matthew Wook Chang⁶  Wen Shan Yew⁶ 

[1] Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore;Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore;Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Cluster – National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore;National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore;Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore;Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore;

关键词: immunotherapy;    mycosis;    invasive fungal disease;    aspergillosis;    candidiasis;    anti-fungal;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2018.01612

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) causes significant morbidity in immunocompromised patients due to their weakened immune system. Immunomodulatory therapy, in synergy with existing antifungal therapy, is an attractive option to enhance their immune system and aid clearance of these opportunistic pathogens. From a scientific and clinical perspective, we explore the immunotherapeutic options to augment standard antifungal drugs for patients with an IFD. We discuss the range of immunomodulatory therapies being considered in IFD – from cytokines, including G-CSF, GM-CSF, M-CSF, IFN-γ, and cytokine agonists, to cellular therapies, consisting of granulocyte transfusion, adoptive T-cell, CAR T-cell, natural killer cell therapies, and monoclonal antibodies. Adjunct pharmaceutical agents which augment the immunity are also being considered. Lastly, we explore the likelihood of the use of probiotics and manipulation of the microbiome/mycobiome to enhance IFD treatment outcomes.

【 授权许可】

Unknown