Cancer Stem Cells in Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma

Frontiers in Endocrinology

Alice Santambrogio¹  Cynthia L. Andoniadou¹  Angela Huebner²  Charlotte Steenblock³  Laura D. Scriba³  Gregor Mueller³  Julia Hauer⁴  Stefan R. Bornstein⁵  Ben Wielockx⁶  Graeme Eisenhofer⁶  Andreas Schedl⁷ 

[1] Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;Children's Hospital, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany;Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany;Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany;Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany;Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France;

关键词: cancer stem cells;    adrenal;    pheochromocytoma;    paraganglioma;    hypoxia;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fendo.2020.00079

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Pheochromocytoma (PCC) and paraganglioma (PGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and variable risk of malignancy. The current therapy of choice is surgical resection. Nevertheless, PCCs/PGLs are associated with a lifelong risk of tumor persistence or recurrence. A high rate of germline or somatic mutations in numerous genes has been found in these tumors. For some, the tumorigenic processes are initiated during embryogenesis. Such tumors carry gene mutations leading to pseudohypoxic phenotypes and show more immature characteristics than other chromaffin cell tumors; they are also often multifocal or metastatic and occur at an early age, often during childhood. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cells with an inherent ability of self-renewal, de-differentiation, and capacity to initiate and maintain malignant tumor growth. Targeting CSCs to inhibit cancer progression has become an attractive anti-cancer therapeutic strategy. Despite progress for this strategy for solid tumors such as neuroblastoma, brain, breast, and colon cancers, no substantial advance has been made employing similar strategies in PCCs/PGLs. In the current review, we discuss findings related to the identification of normal chromaffin stem cells and CSCs, pathways involved in regulating the development of CSCs, and the importance of the stem cell niche in development and maintenance of CSCs in PCCs/PGLs. Additionally, we examine the development and feasibility of novel CSC-targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at eradicating especially recurrent and metastatic tumors.

【 授权许可】

Unknown