The genetic status of the Hungarian brown trout populations: exploration of a blind spot on the European map of Salmo trutta studies

PeerJ

Balázs Tóth¹  Csaba Palkó²  Anna Júlia Sáfrány³  Ágnes Ősz³  Béla Urbányi³  Szilvia Keszte³  Balázs Kovács³  Ákos Horváth³  Dóra Kánainé Sipos³  György Hoitsy⁴  Saša Marić⁵ 

[1] Danube-Ipoly National Park Directorate, Budapest, Hungary;Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary;Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary;Hoitsy és Rieger Kft., Lillafüred, Hungary;Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;

关键词: Hybridization;    Microsatellite;    Salmo trutta;    Lineage;    Mitochondrial DNA;    Sex ratio;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.5152

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background Analyses of the control region sequences of European brown trout populations’ mitrochondrial DNA have revealed five main evolutionary lineages (Atlantic, Danubian, Mediterranean, Adriatic, Marble) mostly relating to the main water basins; however, the hybridization between lineages were increasingly reported. Due to the hydrogeography of Hungary, wild populations should theoretically belong to the Danubian lineage, however, this has not been verified by genetic studies. Methods In our study multiple molecular marker sets (mitochondrial sequence, microsatellites, PCR-RFLP of nuclear markers and sex marker) were used to investigate the genetic composition and population genetics of the brown trout populations in two broodstocks, six wild streams in Hungary and one Serbian population. Results The admixture of Atlantic and Danubian lineages in these populations, except the Serbian population with pure Danubian origin, was observed by control region sequences of mitochondrial DNA and PCR-RFLP markers in the nuclear genome, and one unpublished Danubian haplotype was found in Hungarian populations. A sex-specific marker revealed equal gender ratio in broodstocks and Kemence stream, whereas in other wild streams the proportion of female individuals were less than 50%. Structure and principal component analyses based on the alleles of microsatellite loci also revealed overlapping populations, however the populations were still significantly different from each other and were mostly in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Discussion Stocking and migration can have a significant genetic impact on trout populations of wild streams, however there are no guidelines or common practices for stocking of small streams in Hungary, thus the genetic background of these populations should be considered when developing conservation actions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown