Structure, Function, and Interactions of the HIV-1 Capsid Protein

Life

Eric Rossi¹  CamilleJ. Cunanan²  MeganE. Meuser²  Simon Cocklin² 

[1] Angle North America, 1500 1st Avenue, Suite 1010, King of Prussia, PA 19462, USA;Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Rooms 10307, 10309, and 10315, 245 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA;

关键词: HIV-1/AIDS;    capsid;    host proteins;    post-entry events;    assembly;    virus-host interactions;   

DOI  :  10.3390/life11020100

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The capsid (CA) protein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is an essential structural component of a virion and facilitates many crucial life cycle steps through interactions with host cell factors. Capsid shields the reverse transcription complex from restriction factors while it enables trafficking to the nucleus by hijacking various adaptor proteins, such as FEZ1 and BICD2. In addition, the capsid facilitates the import and localization of the viral complex in the nucleus through interaction with NUP153, NUP358, TNPO3, and CPSF-6. In the later stages of the HIV-1 life cycle, CA plays an essential role in the maturation step as a constituent of the Gag polyprotein. In the final phase of maturation, Gag is cleaved, and CA is released, allowing for the assembly of CA into a fullerene cone, known as the capsid core. The fullerene cone consists of ~250 CA hexamers and 12 CA pentamers and encloses the viral genome and other essential viral proteins for the next round of infection. As research continues to elucidate the role of CA in the HIV-1 life cycle and the importance of the capsid protein becomes more apparent, CA displays potential as a therapeutic target for the development of HIV-1 inhibitors.

【 授权许可】

Unknown