The Association of Dietary Energy Density and Body Composition Components in a Sample of Iranian Adults

Frontiers in Nutrition

Sina Naghshi¹  Kurosh Djafarian¹  Hossein Imani¹  Sanaz Pourreza²  Nadia Babaei²  Samira Davarzani²  Elham Bazshahi²  Mojdeh Ebaditabar²  Sakineh Shab-Bidar²  Leila Azadbakht⁴ 

[1] Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran;Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran;Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;

关键词: dietary energy density;    obesity;    waist circumference;    body composition;    adults;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2021.751148

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: We aimed to investigate the association between the energy density (ED) of diet and body composition components in Iranian adults.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 267 adults in Tehran. We obtained ED (kcal/g) using the two most common methods: ED1, ED from foods only with the exclusion of all beverages and ED2, from foods and all beverages. Body composition was measured using a multifrequency bio-impedance analysis. To find a strong association, we used both the linear and binary regression analysis in the three adjusted models.Results: The mean of ED1 and ED2 was 1.34 ± 0.23 and 0.89 ± 0.20 kcal/g, respectively. Increasing the ED of diet in both methods was associated with a high intake of dietary fat, of saturated fatty acid (SFA), of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), of oleic and linoleic acids, accompanied by a low intake of fruits, vegetables, and some vitamins and minerals. There was a significant positive relationship between fat-free mass index (FFMI) and ED1 (β = 4.44, p = 0.02). However, we found no significant association between the consumption of ED1 and fat mass index (FMI) (0.28; 95% CI 0.08, 0.98; p = 0.07), and abdominal obesity (0.91; 95% CI 0.43, 1.94; p = 0.82). Also, ED2 had no association with FMI (0.86; 95% CI 0.26, 2.80; p = 0.81) and abdominal obesity (0.78; 95% CI 0.35, 1.72; p = 0.54). No significant associations were found between ED and other anthropometric indices and body composition components after considering the confounders.Conclusion: This study supports the positive association between ED and poor dietary quality. However, our findings did not show significant associations of dietary energy density (DED) with anthropometric indices and body composition components. Further well-designed studies are required to investigate the exact link between DED and body composition.

【 授权许可】

Unknown