A GIS-Based Approach to Inform Agriculture-Water-Energy Nexus Planning in the North Western Sahara Aquifer System (NWSAS)

Sustainability

Youssef Almulla¹  Alexandros Korkovelos¹  Camilo Ramirez¹  Konstantinos Pegios¹  Mark Howells²  Luciade Strasser³  Annukka Lipponen³ 

[1] Department of Energy Technology, KTH The Royal Institute of Technology, Brinellvägen 68, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden;Department of Geography, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK;The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Bureau S411, Palais des Nations, 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland;

关键词: NWSAS;    GIS;    water;    energy;    agriculture;    nexus;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su12177043

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The North Western Sahara Aquifer System (NWSAS) is a vital groundwater source in a notably water-scarce region. However, impetuous agricultural expansion and poor resource management (e.g., over-irrigation, inefficient techniques) over the past decades have raised a number of challenges. In this exploratory study, we introduce an open access GIS-based model to help answer selected timely questions related to the agriculture, water and energy nexus in the region. First, the model uses spatial and tabular data to identify the location and extent of irrigated cropland. Then, it employs spatially explicit climatic datasets and mathematical formulation to estimate water and electricity requirements for groundwater irrigation in all identified locations. Finally, it evaluates selected supply options to meet the electricity demand and suggests the least-cost configuration in each location. Results indicate that full irrigation in the basin requires ~3.25 billion million m³ per year. This translates to ~730 GWh of electricity. Fossil fuels do provide the least-cost electricity supply option due to lower capital and subsidized operating costs. Hence, to improve the competitiveness of renewable technologies (RT) (i.e., solar), a support scheme to drop the capital cost of RTs is critically needed. Finally, moving towards drip irrigation can lead to ~47% of water abstraction savings in the NWSAS area.

【 授权许可】

Unknown