The chicken gut metagenome and the modulatory effects of plant-derived benzylisoquinoline alkaloids

Microbiome

Wei Fan¹  Sanwen Huang¹  Fan Jiang¹  Yan Zhang¹  Hengchao Wang¹  Lijuan Yin¹  Bo Liu¹  Yuwei Ren¹  Conghui Liu¹  Qian Lin²  Long Yun²  Xi He²  Xiaogang Su³  Jingyang Yuan³  Peng Huang⁴  Li Lin⁴  Zhixing Qing⁴  Cheng Zeng⁴  Nanxi Hu⁴  Xiubin Liu⁴  Jialu Huang⁴  Jianguo Zeng⁴  Kangpeng Xiao⁴  Hualiang Cao⁴  Yisong Liu⁴  Hua Liu⁵  Dazhi Tang⁶  Dan Liu⁶  Yuming Guo⁶ 

[1]Agricultural Genomic Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

[2]College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University

[3]College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University

[4]Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University

[5]National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative, Hunan Agricultural University

[6]State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University

关键词: Chicken;    Gut metagenome;    Microbiome;    Growth promoter;    Benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;    Antibiotic;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40168-018-0590-5

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Sub-therapeutic antibiotics are widely used as growth promoters in the poultry industry; however, the resulting antibiotic resistance threatens public health. A plant-derived growth promoter, Macleaya cordata extract (MCE), with effective ingredients of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, is a potential alternative to antibiotic growth promoters. Altered intestinal microbiota play important roles in growth promotion, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Results We generated 1.64 terabases of metagenomic data from 495 chicken intestinal digesta samples and constructed a comprehensive chicken gut microbial gene catalog (9.04 million genes), which is also the first gene catalog of an animal’s gut microbiome that covers all intestinal compartments. Then, we identified the distinctive characteristics and temporal changes in the foregut and hindgut microbiota. Next, we assessed the impact of MCE on chickens and gut microbiota. Chickens fed with MCE had improved growth performance, and major microbial changes were confined to the foregut, with the predominant role of Lactobacillus being enhanced, and the amino acids, vitamins, and secondary bile acids biosynthesis pathways being upregulated, but lacked the accumulation of antibiotic-resistance genes. In comparison, treatment with chlortetracycline similarly enriched some biosynthesis pathways of nutrients in the foregut microbiota, but elicited an increase in antibiotic-producing bacteria and antibiotic-resistance genes. Conclusion The reference gene catalog of the chicken gut microbiome is an important supplement to animal gut metagenomes. Metagenomic analysis provides insights into the growth-promoting mechanism of MCE, and underscored the importance of utilizing safe and effective growth promoters.

【 授权许可】

Unknown