Metabolic Adaptation in Obesity and Type II Diabetes: Myokines, Adipokines and Hepatokines

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Baek Soo Han¹  Kyoung-Jin Oh¹  Won Kon Kim¹  Sang Chul Lee¹  Da Som Lee¹  Kwang-Hee Bae¹ 

[1] Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea;

关键词: myokines;    adipokines;    hepatokines;    obesity;    type II diabetes;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms18010008

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Obesity and type II diabetes are characterized by insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. A high caloric intake combined with a sedentary lifestyle is the leading cause of these conditions. Whole-body insulin resistance and its improvement are the result of the combined actions of each insulin-sensitive organ. Among the fundamental molecular mechanisms by which each organ is able to communicate and engage in cross-talk are cytokines or peptides which stem from secretory organs. Recently, it was reported that several cytokines or peptides are secreted from muscle (myokines), adipose tissue (adipokines) and liver (hepatokines) in response to certain nutrition and/or physical activity conditions. Cytokines exert autocrine, paracrine or endocrine effects for the maintenance of energy homeostasis. The present review is focused on the relationship and cross-talk amongst muscle, adipose tissue and the liver as secretory organs in metabolic diseases.

【 授权许可】

Unknown