Alterations in the Oral Microbiome Associated With Diabetes, Overweight, and Dietary Components

Frontiers in Nutrition

Martine Morzel¹  Eric Neyraud¹  David Gomez-Cabrero²  Esther Garcia-Esquinas³  Ricarda Streich⁵  Gordon Proctor⁵  Abeer Shaalan⁵  Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo⁶  Esther Lopez-Garcia⁶  Sunjae Lee⁸  Catherine Feart^1,10 

[1] 0Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France;Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia;Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology Group, IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain;Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain;Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom;Institutos Madrileno de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Food Institute, Madrid, Spain;STLO, INRAE, Institut Agro, Rennes, France;School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea;Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain;Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, BPH, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France;

关键词: salivatype;    oral microbiome;    diabetes;    Mediterranean diet;    obesity;    biomarker;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2022.914715

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) represents the traditional food consumption patterns of people living in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea and is associated with a reduced incidence of obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to examine differences in the composition of the oral microbiome in older adults with T2DM and/or high body mass index (BMI) and whether the microbiome was influenced by elements of a MedDiet. Using a nested case-control design individuals affected by T2DM were selected from the Seniors-ENRICA-2 cohort concurrently with non-diabetic controls. BMI was measured, a validated dietary history taken, and adherence to a Mediterranean diet calculated using the MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener) index. Oral health status was assessed by questionnaire and unstimulated whole mouth saliva was collected, and salivary flow rate calculated. Richness and diversity of the salivary microbiome were reduced in participants with T2DM compared to those without diabetes. The bacterial community structure in saliva showed distinct “signatures” or “salivatypes,” characterized by predominance of particular bacterial genera. Salivatype 1 was more represented in subjects with T2DM, whilst those with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) had a predominance of salivatype 2, and control participants without T2DM or obesity had an increased presence of salivatype 3. There was an association of salivatype 1 with increased consumption of sugary snacks combined with reduced consumption of fish/shellfish and nuts. It can be concluded that the microbial community structure of saliva is altered in T2DM and obesity and is associated with altered consumption of particular food items. In order to further substantiate these observations a prospective study should be undertaken to assess the impact of diets aimed at modifying diabetic status and reducing weight.

【 授权许可】

Unknown