Blind Spot for Sedentarism: Redefining the Diseasome of Physical Inactivity in View of Circadian System and the Irisin/BDNF Axis

Frontiers in Neurology

Judit Zsuga¹  Szilvia Harsanyi¹  Csaba Papp¹  Tamas Erdei²  Rudolf Gesztelyi²  Csaba E. More³ 

[1] Department of Health System Management and Quality Management in Health Care, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary;Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary;Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary;

关键词: circadian rhythm;    irisin;    BDNF;    suprachiasmatic nucleus;    physical inactivity;    entrainment;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fneur.2018.00818

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Introduction: The term “diseasome of physical inactivity” was coined by Pedersen to explain clustering of chronic diseases linked to physical inactivity. Accordingly, physical inactivity per se contributes to the accumulation of visceral fat, which, generates chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, contributes to emergence of chronic, non-communicable diseases. Diversity of these disorders posits the possible involvement of a supraphysiological system.Methods: Hypothesis driven literature search and deductive reasoning was used to review relevant literature and formulate a novel theory.Results: We have identified the circadian system, omnipresent in virtually every cell, as a possible vehicle for brain muscle crosstalk, explaining some aspects of the diseasome of physical inactivity This system is hierarchically organized, with the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) being the master clock that entrains to the dark/light cycle and synchronizes subsidiary molecular clocks in the periphery. Insufficient photic entrainment also causes chronic disease evolution. The recently identified irisin, was shown to induce brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) production in several brain areas. BDNF assumes significant role in gating light's influence in the retinohypothalamic synapse, by having a permissive effect on glutamate signal transduction underlying photic entrainment.Conclusions: Here we provide theoretical evidence to support the hypothesis that irisin may facilitate photic entrainment of the SCN, via BDNF. By this irisin opens up possible pathways for peripheral non-photic entrainment signals to exert influence on the master clock that is otherwise resistant to these. Furthermore, we suggest that intertwining processes of circadian, redox, inflammatory, and myokine systems lay underneath the diseasome of physical inactivity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown