Kinetics of Nucleocapsid, Spike and Neutralizing Antibodies, and Viral Load in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Treated with Convalescent Plasma

Viruses

Maria Pagoni¹  Evangelos Terpos²  Meletios-Athanasios Dimopoulos²  Eleni Korompoki²  Anastasia Kotanidou³  Ioannis Kalomenidis³  Sotirios Tsiodras⁴  Anastasia Antoniadou⁴  Kostantinos Stamoulis⁵  Marianna Politou⁶  Ioannis Katagas⁷  Vasiliki Pappa⁷  Anthi Bouchla⁷  Thomas P. Thomopoulos⁷  Sotirios G. Papageorgiou⁷  Aristotelis Bamias⁷  Xintao Hu⁸  Jenifer Bear⁸  Barbara K. Felber⁸  Robert Burns⁸  Dimitris Stellas⁹  George N. Pavlakis⁹  Sevasti Karaliota⁹  Margherita Rosati⁹  Duncan Donohue^1,10  Andreas Mentis^1,11  Stavroula Labropoulou^1,11  Elisavet Grouzi^1,12 

[1] BMT Unit, Haematology-Lymphomas Department, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece;Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University General Hospital “Attikon”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;Hellenic National Blood Transfusion Center, 13678 Athens, Greece;Hematology Laboratory-Blood Bank, Aretaieion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;Hematology Unit, Second Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute, School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital “Attikon”, 18120 Athens, Greece;Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;MS Applied Information and Management Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA;National Influenza Reference Laboratory of Southern Greece, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece;Transfusion Service and Clinical Hemostasis of Saint Savvas, Oncology Hospital of Athens, 11522 Athens, Greece;

关键词: convalescent plasma;    SARS-CoV-2;    COVID-19;    antibody kinetics;    neutralizing antibodies;    spike;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v13091844

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. Despite meticulous research, only dexamethasone has shown consistent mortality reduction. Convalescent plasma (CP) infusion might also develop into a safe and effective treatment modality on the basis of recent studies and meta-analyses; however, little is known regarding the kinetics of antibodies in CP recipients. To evaluate the kinetics, we followed 31 CP recipients longitudinally enrolled at a median of 3 days post symptom onset for changes in binding and neutralizing antibody titers and viral loads. Antibodies against the complete trimeric Spike protein and the receptor-binding domain (Spike-RBD), as well as against the complete Nucleocapsid protein and the RNA binding domain (N-RBD) were determined at baseline and weekly following CP infusion. Neutralizing antibody (pseudotype NAb) titers were determined at the same time points. Viral loads were determined semi-quantitatively by SARS-CoV-2 PCR. Patients with low humoral responses at entry showed a robust increase of antibodies to all SARS-CoV-2 proteins and Nab, reaching peak levels within 2 weeks. The rapid increase in binding and neutralizing antibodies was paralleled by a concomitant clearance of the virus within the same timeframe. Patients with high humoral responses at entry demonstrated low or no further increases; however, virus clearance followed the same trajectory as in patients with low antibody response at baseline. Together, the sequential immunological and virological analysis of this well-defined cohort of patients early in infection shows the presence of high levels of binding and neutralizing antibodies and potent clearance of the virus.

【 授权许可】

Unknown